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Published in JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS 3:73-76 (2009)
DOI: 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0140crg
© 2009 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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GERMPLASM

Registration of PD 99035 Germplasm Line of Cotton

B. T. Campbella,*, O. L. Mayb, D. S. Howlec and D. C. Jonesd

a USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, 2611 W. Lucas St., Florence, SC 29501
b Monsanto Company, 381 William Gibbs Rd., Tifton, GA 31794
c Clemson Univ. Regulatory and Public Service Programs, 511 Westinghouse Rd., Pendleton, SC 29670
d Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Pkwy., Cary, NC 27513

* Corresponding author (todd.campbell{at}ars.usda.gov).

ABSTRACT

PD 99035 (Reg. No. GP-902, PI 653111) is a noncommercial breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) jointly released by the USDA-ARS, the Clemson University Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated in 2007. PD 99035 was selected from a cross of PD 93043 and ‘DPL 5409’. PD 99035 possesses outstanding fiber-quality properties, significantly better than several commercial cultivars. Specifically, PD 99035 possesses outstanding fiber strength and length potential, while also maintaining micronaire values lower than commercial cultivars. PD 99035 possesses mid- to late maturity and produces lint yield similar to or just below commercial cultivars. PD 99035 is best adapted within the southeastern United States, although our data also suggest it has broad adaptation across the U.S. Upland cotton production region. The combination of longer fiber length, stronger fiber strength, lower micronaire, and acceptable lint yield potential makes PD 99035 a valuable genetic resource to cotton breeding programs.

Abbreviations: RBTN, Regional Breeders Testing Network • SC OVT, South Carolina Official Variety Trial

PD 99035 (Reg. No. GP-902, PI 653111) is a noncommercial breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) jointly released by the USDA-ARS, the Clemson University Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated in 2007. PD 99035 was derived from a cross of PD 93043 and ‘DPL 5409’. PD 93043 was derived from a cross between the experimental germplasm line PD 5265 and PD 5576 (May and Howle, 1997; Green et al., 1991). PD 93043 combined high yield potential and acceptable fiber quality. DPL 5409 is a cultivar developed by Delta and Pine Land Company (Scott, MS) and derived from a cross between ‘DPL 50’ and ‘DPL Acala 90’. PD 99035 was released because it possesses superior fiber quality and acceptable yield potential in a range of environments.

Methods

PD 99035 was developed using the generalized procedures outlined by May (2001). Approximately 15 F1 plants were self-pollinated at the ARS winter nursery in Tecoman, Mexico, and the F2 seed bulked. On the basis of its yield performance, an F2 bulk was advanced to the F3 for single plant selection. F3 plants were selected for plant type, fiber properties, and lint percentage and advanced to F4 progeny rows. PD 99035 was derived from a single F3:4 progeny row visually selected for yield potential. Bulked F5 seed from the F3:4 progeny row was designated PD 99035 and used in replicated yield tests beginning at the F5 stage.

From 2004 through 2006, PD 99035 was compared to ‘DPL 493’, ‘FM 989’, ‘DPL 555BR’, ‘DPL 444BR’, ‘FM 960BR’, and/or ‘ST 5599BR’ in six replicated field tests at two Clemson University ARS sites in South Carolina. Test sites included the Pee Dee Research and Education Center at Florence, SC, and the Edisto Research and Education Center at Blackville, SC. In 2006, PD 99035 was also tested in the Regional Breeders Testing Network (RBTN) and the South Carolina Official Variety Trial (SC OVT). The RBTN consisted of nine locations across the U.S. Upland cotton area, including Tallassee, AL, Florence, SC, Rocky Mount, NC, Tifton, GA, Alexandria, LA, Stoneville, MS, Maricopa, AZ, Lubbock, TX, and Keiser, AR. The RBTN trials allowed for comparisons to ‘DPL 393’, ‘FM 958’, and ‘SG 105’. The SC OVT consisted of five locations across South Carolina, including Darlington, Lee, Dillon, Barnwell, and Dillon counties. The SC OVT allowed for comparisons to DPL 555BR, FM 960BR, and ST 5599BR. Each field trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Each entry was grown in a two-row plot from 9 to 15 m long with 76 to 102 cm spacing between rows, depending on the location of the trial. Plots were managed conventionally and followed the established local practices.

Each plot was harvested with a mechanical cotton picker that harvested both rows of each plot, and total seed cotton weight was recorded. For each trial except RBTN trials, a "grab" lint sample was obtained from the mechanical picker after harvesting each plot to determine lint percentage and fiber-quality properties. For the RBTN trials, a 25- or 50-boll sample was obtained from each plot before harvest to determine lint percentage and fiber-quality properties. Samples were ginned on a laboratory gin, and lint percentage was determined by dividing the weight of the lint sample after ginning by the weight of the lint sample before ginning. Lint yield was calculated by multiplying the lint percentage by the seed cotton yield. A portion of the lint sample was sent to the Cotton Incorporated Fiber Testing Laboratory (Cary, NC) for determination of fiber length, fiber strength, uniformity index, fiber elongation, micronaire, and short fiber content by high volume instrument analyses. Data for each trait were analyzed for normality by PROC UNIVARIATE, and an ANOVA was conducted in each of the three groups of trials within and across locations using PROC GLM to test significant differences among genotypes (SAS Institute, 2002). The least significant difference (p = 0.05) was calculated in each ANOVA to test specific differences between the check cultivars and PD 99035.

Characteristics

PD 99035 displays a mid- to full-season maturity, while combining excellent fiber-quality potential and acceptable yield potential. Table 1 provides mean comparisons of PD 99035 and several commercial check cultivars resulting from on-station trials in 2004, 2005, and 2006. In 2004, PD 99035 produced fiber length higher than FM 989 and DPL 493 and fiber strength higher than DPL 493 but similar to FM 989. PD 99035 produced micronaire, uniformity index, and elongation similar to FM 989 and DPL 493, while producing lint percentage similar to FM 989 but lower than DPL 493. Averaged over two on-station trials conducted in 2005, PD 99035 produced higher fiber length, higher uniformity index, and similar short fiber content compared with DPL 555BR, ST 5599BR, and FM 960BR. PD 99035 produced fiber strength higher than DPL 555BR and similar to ST 5599BR and FM 960BR, while also producing micronaire similar to ST 5599BR and FM 960BR but lower than DPL 555BR. PD 99035 produced elongation similar to ST 5599BR but higher than DPL 555BR and FM 960BR. Also, PD 99035 produced lint percentage similar to FM 960BR but less than DPL 555BR and ST 5599BR. Averaged over two on-station trials conducted in 2006, PD 99035 produced higher fiber length and elongation and lower short fiber content compared with DPL 555BR, ST 5599BR, and FM 960BR. PD 99035 produced higher fiber strength than DPL 555BR and ST 5599BR but similar to FM 960BR, while producing lint percentage and lint yield lower than DPL 555BR, ST 5599BR, and FM 960BR. PD 99035 also produced micronaire similar to FM 960BR and lower than DPL 555BR and ST 5599BR.


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  		Table 1. Lint yield, lint percentage, and fiber-quality (high volume instrument) performance of cotton line PD 99035 and check cultivars, averaged across replicated tests conducted at Florence, SC, and Blackville, SC, in 2004, 2005, and 2006.{dagger}

 
PD 99035 was tested in the 2006 South Carolina Official Variety Trials. Table 2 provides a summary of data combined over all locations of the variety trials. PD 99035 produced significantly higher fiber length values, higher uniformity index, and lower micronaire than DPL 555BR, ST 5599BR, and FM 960BR. PD 99035 also produced significantly higher fiber strength values than DPL 555BR and ST 5599BR, while producing lower fiber strength values than the high fiber strength check FM 960BR. PD 99035 produced lower lint yield and lint percentage values than DPL 555BR, ST 5599BR, and FM 960BR.


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  		Table 2. Lint yield, lint percentage, and fiber-quality (high volume instrument) performance of cotton line PD 99035 and commercial cultivars, averaged across replicated tests conducted in the 2006 South Carolina Official Variety Trials.{dagger}

 
PD 99035 was also tested in nine locations across the Upland cotton growing area as part of the 2006 RBTN. Table 3 provides a summary of data for PD 99035 combined over all nine locations and over southeastern U.S. locations. Considering the complete dataset, PD 99035 produced fiber length values significantly greater than the commercial check cultivars DPL 393 FM 958, and SG 105. PD 99035 produced greater fiber strength values than SG 105 but also was lower than the high fiber strength check FM 958. PD 99035 produced micronaire equivalent to FM 958 and lower than DPL 393 and SG 105. Uniformity index and short fiber content values for PD 99035 did not differ from any of the commercial checks. PD 99035 produced lower fiber elongation than each of the commercial checks. Lint yields for PD 99035 were equivalent to FM 958 but lower than DPL 393 and SG 105. Lint percentage for PD 99035 was similar to SG 105 but lower than DPL 393 and FM 958. When considering southeastern U.S. environments only, PD 99035 produced significantly higher fiber length values than DPL 393, FM 958, and SG 105, while producing fiber strength values higher than DPL 393 and SG 105. PD 99035 produced lower short fiber content than SG 105, DPL 393, and FM 958. PD 99035 did not differ from the commercial checks for uniformity index or lint yield but produced lower fiber elongation. PD 99035 produced lower micronaire values than each of the commercial checks. PD 99035 produced lint percentages equivalent to SG 105 but lower than DPL 393 and FM 958.


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  		Table 3. Lint yield, lint percentage, and fiber-quality (high volume instrument) performance of cotton line PD 99035 and check cultivars, averaged across replicated tests conducted in the Regional Breeder's Testing Network (RBTN) at Tallassee, AL, Florence, SC, Rocky Mount, NC, Tifton, GA, Alexandria, LA, Stoneville, MS, Maricopa, AZ, Lubbock, TX, and Keiser, AR, in 2006.{dagger}

 
Overall, PD 99035 represents an excellent source of fiber quality and acceptable lint yield potential. PD 99035 is best adapted and competitive with commercial cultivars within the southeastern United States. However, our data also suggest that PD 99035 has broad adaptation across the U.S. Upland cotton production region that warrants its use in regions other than the southeastern United States.

Availability

Small quantities (20 g) of PD 99035 seed may be obtained for breeding purposes from the corresponding author. It is requested that appropriate recognition of the source be given when this germplasm line contributes to the development of a new breeding line, hybrid, or cultivar.

Acknowledgments

PD 99035 was developed with financial support from CRIS No. 6657-21000-005-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cotton Incorporated. Special thanks to Bobby Fisher, Ernie Strickland, Phil Bauer, Dan Robinson, Dewey Barefield, and Mike Jones for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Footnotes

All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.

Received for publication March 10, 2008.

References





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