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a Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Dep., Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717
b Westbred LLC, Bozeman, MT 59717. Research was partially supported by USDA/CREES-IFAFS award 2001-04462 and USDA/CREES-NRICAP award 2006-55606-16629
* Corresponding author (usslt{at}montana.edu).
ABSTRACT
Montana State University and Westbred LLC. announce the release of eight sets of near-isogenic hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines: 06IFAFS2 (Reg. No. GP-840, PI 651502), 06IFAFS3 (Reg. No. GP-841, PI 651503), 06IFAFS16 (Reg. No. GP-842, PI 651504), 06IFAFS17 (Reg. No. GP-843, PI 651505), 06IFAFS26 (Reg. No. GP-844, PI 651506), 06IFAFS27 (Reg. No. GP-845, PI 651507), 06IFAFS36 (Reg. No. GP-846, PI 651508), 06IFAFS37 (Reg. No. GP-847, PI 651509), 06IFAFS44 (Reg. No. GP-848, PI 651510), 06IFAFS45 (Reg. No. GP-849, PI 651511), 06IFAFS48 (Reg. No. GP-850, PI 651512), 06IFAFS49 (Reg. No. GP-851, PI 651513), 06IFAFS223 (Reg. No. GP-852, PI 651514), 06IFAFS227 (Reg. No. GP-853, PI 651515), 06IFAFS225 (Reg. No. GP-854, PI 651516), 06IFAFS233 (Reg. No. GP-855, PI 651517) differing for the presence of the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1. These lines may serve as a germplasm source for hard red and hard white spring wheat breeding programs and provide materials to investigate the effects of Gpc-B1 in high protein wheat backgrounds.
Abbreviations: NIL, near-isogenic line
Eight sets of near-isogenic hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines, 06IFAFS2 (Reg. No. GP-840, PI 651502), 06IFAFS3 (Reg. No. GP-841, PI 651503), 06IFAFS16 (Reg. No. GP-842, PI 651504), 06IFAFS17 (Reg. No. GP-843, PI 651505), 06IFAFS26 (Reg. No. GP-844, PI 651506), 06IFAFS27 (Reg. No. GP-845, PI 651507), 06IFAFS36 (Reg. No. GP-846, PI 651508), 06IFAFS37 (Reg. No. GP-847, PI 651509), 06IFAFS44 (Reg. No. GP-848, PI 651510), 06IFAFS45 (Reg. No. GP-849, PI 651511), 06IFAFS48 (Reg. No. GP-850, PI 651512), 06IFAFS49 (Reg. No. GP-851, PI 51513), 06IFAFS223 (Reg. No. GP-852, PI 651514), 06IFAFS227 (Reg. No. GP-853, PI 651515), 06IFAFS225 (Reg. No. GP-854, PI 651516), 06IFAFS233 (Reg. No. GP-855, PI 651517) (Table 1 ), differing for the presence of the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1 have been developed and released by Montana State University and Westbred LLC. These lines may serve as a source of increased grain protein for hard red and hard white spring wheat breeding programs and provide materials to investigate the effects of Gpc-B1 in high protein wheat backgrounds.
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Methods
The donor parent for Gpc-B1 in our crosses was hard red spring wheat ‘Glupro’ (PI 592759), which contains a translocation whereby a portion of the short arm of chromosome 6B of hexaploid wheat is replaced by the Gpc-B1 segment from T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (Mesfin et al., 1999). A total of six backcrosses was made to introduce the Gpc-B1 allele into four hard wheat backgrounds. These included hard red spring wheat cultivars McNeal (Lanning et al., 1994), Choteau (Lanning et al., 2004), and Hank (developed by Westbred LLC, Bozeman MT). Hard white spring wheat cultivar Explorer (Lanning et al., 2002) was also used as a recurrent parent. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers (NorB2) were used to select F1 progeny with the T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides segment at each backcross and to select homozygous BC6F2 near-isogenic lines (NILs) with and without Gpc-B1 after the final backcross (Khan et al., 2000). Selected BC6F3 families, homozygous for the presence or absence of the Gpc-B1 allele, respectively, were increased as single rows in the field with no selection in 2004 for Explorer NILs and in 2005 for NILs derived from McNeal, Hank, and Choteau.
F4 NILs were grown in single unreplicated rows in 2005 for Explorer and in 2006 for McNeal, Choteau, and Hank. Grain protein percentage was determined for each row, and one-tailed t tests were conducted to test differences among means related to the presence of Gpc-B1. A three-replicate single-row yield trial was established for a subset of the NILs in Bozeman in 2007. This trial was planted on 25 April and harvested on 21 August. The trial included two pairs of NILs for each recurrent parent. Each pair descended from a single plant of the recurrent parent used in the final backcross. One member of the pair was homozygous for the presence of Gpc-B1, and one member was homozygous for its absence. The pairs were planted in adjacent plots in the field trial. Also included in the trial was a single plot representing the recurrent parent. The donor parent, Glupro, was not grown. Analysis of variance was conducted using Proc ANOVA in SAS (SAS Institute, 2004). Paired t tests were conducted using means for the NILs combined over all recurrent parents to test the mean effect of Gpc-B1.
Characteristics
Near-isogenic lines derived from Explorer containing (n = 7) and not containing (n = 7) Gpc-B1 had mean grain protein concentrations of 144 and 137 g kg–1 (P < 0.001), respectively, in 2005 rows grown for seed increase. Near-isogenic lines derived from Hank containing (n = 8) and not containing (n = 11) Gpc-B1 had mean grain protein concentrations of 139 and 141 g kg–1, respectively (P = 0.12), in 2006. Near-isogenic lines derived from McNeal containing (n = 7) and not containing (n = 7) Gpc-B1 had grain protein concentrations of 148 and 133 g kg–1, respectively (P < 0.0001), in 2006. Near-isogenic lines derived from Choteau containing (n = 3) and not containing (n = 3) Gpc-B1 had mean grain protein concentrations of 151 and 141 g kg–1, respectively (P < 0.05), in 2006. A stripe rust infestation caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. occurred in 2006. McNeal and Choteau NILs that did not contain Gpc-B1 were scored as susceptible (>50% of the flag leaf was infected with rust), while NILs containing Gpc-B1 were scored as resistant (<10% of the flag leaf was infected with rust). These varieties are known to be susceptible to stripe rust (Lanning et al., 1994), and the T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides segment containing Gpc-B1 also contains stripe rust resistance gene Yr36 (Uauy et al., 2005). The differential stripe rust infection may have influenced grain protein level for the McNeal and Choteau NILs. For recurrent parent Hank, inherent stripe rust resistance resulted in no obvious differences for stripe rust incidence among the NILs.
Mean values for all of genotypes grown in a three-replication single-row yield trial in 2007 are presented in Table 1. These genotypes were a subset of materials grown in 2005 and 2006, consisting of two sets of NIL pairs for each of the recurrent parents. Significant differences among entries (P < 0.05) occurred for all traits (Table 1). Similar to results in 2005 and 2006, the presence of Gpc-B1 had a small effect on protein for Hank and a larger effect for McNeal, Choteau, and Explorer. Table 2 compares mean performance of the NILs differing for the presence of Gpc-B1 averaged over all four recurrent parents. Presence of Gpc-B1 significantly raised grain protein (P < 0.01), decreased kernel weight (P < 0.05), and shortened the number of days from heading to glume senescence (P < 0.01). Differences among the NILs for grain yield were not significant (P = 0.14). Stripe rust infestation did not occur in the 2007 trial.
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Availability
Limited quantities of seed (5 g) of each near-isogenic line are available on request from the corresponding author for 5 yr. Recipients of seed are asked to make appropriate recognition of the source of genetic stocks if they are used in the development of a new cultivar, germplasm, parental line, or hybrid.
Footnotes
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
Received for publication September 24, 2007.
References
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