| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, 1691 S. 2700 W., Aberdeen, ID 83210
* Corresponding author (pbregit{at}uidaho.edu).
95SR316A (Reg. No. GP-180, PI 644104) is a two-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm line developed and released in 2007 by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 95SR316A has favorable values for most agronomic and malt quality characteristics, and it is resistant to many races of barley stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. hordei Eriks.).
95SR316A has the pedigree ‘Bancroft’/‘Crystal’. Both parents were developed by the USDA-ARS in Aberdeen, ID. Crystal (PI 531249; Wesenberg et al., 1991) has good agronomic characteristics and was recommended by the American Malting Barley Association (AMBA) for malting and brewing from 1990 through 2001. Bancroft (PI 605474; Wesenberg et al., 2001) combined favorable agronomic and malt quality characteristics with resistance to most races of barley stripe rust, but did not receive recommendation as a malt barley from AMBA. Bancroft has been reported to have non-race specific high-temperature, adult-plant (HTAP) resistance, which has proven to be durable (Chen and Moore, 2002). The genetics of resistance in Bancroft have not been fully described, but recent work (Yan and Chen, 2007) has indicated the presence of a major QTL associated with high-temperature adult plant resistance.
95SR316A is a spring, two-rowed, hulled barley with a semi-lax spike that remains upright at maturity. Awns are rough, rachilla hairs are long, glume hairs are banded, hulls are wrinkled, kernels have a transverse crease at the base, and the aleurone is white.
95SR316A originated as an F4:5 spike selection and tested as headrow #316A in 1995, and was entered into preliminary yield nurseries at Aberdeen and Tetonia, ID in 1996. The initial selection was based on visual observations for favorable plant and spike characteristics, and for resistance to barley stripe rust in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Subsequent selection was based on agronomic performance in replicated yield trials, and continued resistance to stripe rust in field trials conducted from 1997 through 2004 in various locations: Toluca, Mexico; Huancayo and Callejón de Huaylas, Peru; Davis, California; and Pullman and Mt. Vernon, Washington. At locations where the susceptible check, ‘Russell’, showed high levels of infection (90S to 100S), 95SR316A typically showed the same resistance reaction as did the resistant check, Bancroft, which was either no infection or 5 to 20 S or 5 to 20MS (Table 1 ). Tests of the resistant parent, Bancroft, in Davis, CA, and various locations in Washington in 2005 and 2006 where stripe rust was present showed no or low levels of infection; thus, the source of resistance in 95SR316A has not yet shown evidence of a breakdown in useful levels of resistance in these environments. Although races of stripe rust that are virulent on seedlings of Bancroft are present in the United States, including races 54–56, 58–69, 71, and 74 (Chen, 2004; Chen, personal communication, 2006), the HTAP resistance in Bancroft is non-race specific and should be durable (Chen and Moore 2002). However, because the HTAP resistance in Bancroft is partial it may not be adequate under high rust pressure in the early growth stages. Therefore, the resistance genes in 95SR316A would be most effective if combined with other sources of resistance.
|
Yield trials of 95SR316A have been conducted at a total of 23 irrigated and rain-fed locations in Idaho from 1997 through 2004. Comparisons to Bancroft and Harrington showed 95SR316A to be 1.4 and 2.1 d later heading; 103% and 106% for height; 107% and 113% for grain yield; 100% and 101% for test weight; and 101% and 104% for percentage plump kernels, respectively. At locations where lodging occurred, 95SR316A showed 41% and 54% of that recorded for Bancroft and Harrington, respectively. The performance of 95SR316A in the Western Regional Spring Barley Nurseries from 2001–2003, relative to Harrington, showed it to be 2 d later to heading, 103% for plant height, 102% for grain yield, 102% for test weight, 98% for plump kernels, and 66% for lodging.
Tests of the malting quality conducted at the Cereal Crop Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI from grain grown in southeast Idaho over 13 location years showed 95SR316A, respectively for Bancroft and Harrington, to be 101% and 101% for grain protein; 100% and 100% for malt extract percentage; 96% and 96% for wort protein; 99% and 105% for diastatic power; 126% and 112% for alpha-amylase activity; and 82% and 103% for malt ß-glucan content. Malting quality data collected from the Western Regional Spring Barley Nurseries grown in 2001 and 2002 showed 95SR316A, relative to Harrington, to be 95% for grain protein, 100% for malt extract percentage, 89% for wort protein percentage, 105% for diastatic power, 112% for alpha-amylase activity, and 103% for malt ß-glucan percentage. Pilot malting tests were conducted by the American Malting Barley Association on grain grown in 2003 and 2004, but low values for soluble/total protein (37.6 vs. 41.5 for Harrington) and free amino nitrogen (170 vs. 197 for Harrington), and high levels of malt ß-glucan (319 ppm vs. 240 ppm for Harrington) prompted rejection for use as a malt cultivar.
Small quantities of 95SR316A can be obtained from the corresponding author for five years after publication, or from the National Plant Germplasm System (www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/ verified 10 July 2007) where it will be maintained for long-term availability. It is requested that appropriate recognition of source be given when this germplasm contributes to research or development of new breeding lines or cultivars.
Footnotes
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
Received for publication February 5, 2007.
References
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Crop Science | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Vadose Zone Journal | ||||
| Soil Science Society of America Journal | Journal of Environmental Quality |
The Plant Genome | |||
